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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

NICOLAS G. ARMAND AND JACQUES E. BERTON, OF PARIS, FRANCE.

DYEING FABRICS WITH ANILINE COLORS.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 242,855, dated June I4, 1881. Application filed January 31, 1881. (No specimens.) Patented in France December 29, 1880.

T 0 all whom it may concern Be it known that we, NICOLAS CHARLES ARMAND and JACQUES EUGENE BERTON, both of Paris, in the Republic of France, have iiivented certain new and useful Improvements in Dyeing Fabrics with Aniline Colors, of which improvements the following specification is a full description.

The invention has for its object to dye by what may be called a dry process-that is to say, a process in which water is not employed, but only benzincs and essences of mineral or vegetable origin and it consists, essentially, in the means, as hereinafter described, for rendering the coloring-matters of aniline and its derivatives soluble in the said benzines and essences.

The improved process can be carried on at ordinary temperatures.

Heretofore, even with the aid of alcohol, success in dissolving the coloring-matters derived from coal-tar in benzines and mineral essences has not been'attained in an industrial way.

In order to overcome the difficulty due to this iusolubility of the compounds, and generally considered insurmountable, there is in the present invention, combined with the color as an intermediary, aspecial solvent which possesses the desired property of rendering the same soluble in the liquids named. This solvent is composed of two distinct classes of elements, to wit: first, vegetable oils or fats; and, second, chemical compounds or reagents, acetic or hydrochloric acid, sulphuric ether, volatile alkali, (ammonia,) and potash. These elements are mixed in the following proportions: oil (olive-oil, for example) or fat, (lard, for example,) forty-five parts, acetic or hydrochloric acid, twenty-five parts sulphuric ether, seven parts; volatile alkali, seven parts; potash, sixteen parts. These proportions can be varied within certain limits, according to the colors or shades, more or less decided, which it is desired to obtain. The solvent having been prepared in a suitable vessel over a slow fire, the

aniline color is added in the proportion required for the desired depth of shade. A sort of paste is thus formed, which has the property of being soluble in all proportions in the benzines or essences. The tinctorial product thus obtained, after becoming cold, is put into the benzine or essence, the quantity of which is regulated by the quantity of fabrics or goods to be dyed.

desired shade is obtained. The fabrics are then it wrung out and dried in any ordinary or suitable waythat, for example, used in the process for cleaning with benzine, called dry cleaning process. In this way, therefore, threads or fabrics of silk, cotton, or mixtures of silk and cotton, can be dyed without wetting, or, in other words, without any alteration in the fiber.

In dyeing wool by this invention the conr position of the solvent is preferably modified by substituting for five of the forty-five parts of oil or fat five parts of oleic acid, and for five of the twenty-tive parts of acetic or hydrochloric acid five parts of phonic acid.

The preparation of aniline colors with a solvent which renders them soluble in benzines and essences enables the same to be advantageously employed for printing upon fabrics, and notably on those'of cotton. Thus, in accordance with this invention, it is possible to dye or print with aniline colors of all shades upon yarns or threads of silk, cotton,'or mixtures of silk and cotton, whether in the form of skeins, fabrics, stuffs of various kinds, or made-up clothing, however made, and without injury to the same. Colors of all shades can also be obtained upon furniture, fancy articles,

skins, gloves, and shoes.

We claim-- 1. The herein-described method of rendering aniline colors soluble in benzines and essences, by combining said colors with a solvent or intermediary agent, such as the composition of oil or fat, acid, ether, and alkalies set forth.

2. A composition paste of aniline color and a solvent, such as the compound of oil or fat, acid, ether, and alkali set forth, adapted to render the said color soluble in benzine and essences, substantially as described.

3. The compound of aniline color, oil or fat, acetic or hydrochloric-acid, sulphuric ether, volatile alkali, and potash, as set forth.

In witness whereof we have hereunto signed our names in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

NICOLAS CHARLES ARMAND. JACQUES EUGENE BERTON. Witnesses:

R0131. M. HOOPER, CHARLES MARDELET. 

